Components of a computer system

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The internal architectural design of computers differs from one system model to another. However, the basic organization remains the same for all computer systems. The following five units also called "The functional units" correspond to the five basic operations performed by all computer systems.

Input Unit Data and instructions must enter the computer system before any computation can be performed on the supplied data. The input unit that links the external environment with the computer system performs this task.

Data and instructions enter input units in forms that depend upon the particular device used. For example, data is entered from a keyboard in a manner similar to typing, and this differs from the way in which data is entered through a mouse, which is another type of input device.

However, regardless of the form in which they receive their inputs, all input devices must provide a computer with data that are transformed into the binary codes that the primary memory of the computer is designed to accept.

This transformation is accomplished by units that called input interfaces. Input interfaces are designed to match the unique physical or electrical characteristics of input devices to the requirements of the computer system.

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In short, an input unit performs the following functions. It accepts or reads the list of instructions and data from the outside world. It converts these instructions and data in computer acceptable format.

It supplies the converted instructions and data to the computer system for further processing. Output Unit The job of an output unit is just the reverse of that of an input unit. It supplied information and results of computation to the outside world.

Thus it links the computer with the external environment.

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As computers work with binary code, the results produced are also in the binary form. Hence, before supplying the results to the outside world, it must be converted to human acceptable readable form. This task is accomplished by units called output interfaces.

In short, the following functions are performed by an output unit. It accepts the results produced by the computer which are in coded form and hence cannot be easily understood by us. It converts these coded results to human acceptable readable form.

It supplied the converted results to the outside world. Storage Unit The data and instructions that are entered into the computer system through input units have to be stored inside the computer before the actual processing starts.

Similarly, the results produced by the computer after processing must also be kept somewhere inside the computer system before being passed on to the output units.

Moreover, the intermediate results produced by the computer must also be preserved for ongoing processing.

It provides space for storing data and instructions, space for intermediate results and also space for the final results.At its core, a computer system is nothing more than a combination of computer parts working together.

The most essential parts are the CPU, motherboard, memory (RAM), power supply, . Basic Concepts of Computer:: 7 Fig. Keyboard Mouse: A device that controls the movement of the cursor or pointer on a display screen. A mouse is a small object you can roll along a hard and flat surface (Fig. ). Strategic planning is useful only if it becomes the basis for management action.

In short, a planning system and tools must be alive. Computer cooling is required to remove the waste heat produced by computer components, to keep components within permissible operating temperature limits. Components that are susceptible to temporary malfunction or permanent failure if overheated include integrated circuits such as central processing units (CPUs), chipset, graphics cards, and hard disk drives.

Cleaning your computer, components, and peripherals help keep everything in good working condition, helps prevent germs from spreading, and helps allow proper air flow.

The picture shows a good example of just how dirty the inside of your computer case can get. Just looking at this picture it is. A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of units forming an integrated whole. Every system is delineated by its spatial and temporal boundaries, surrounded and influenced by its environment, described by its structure and purpose and expressed in its functioning.